Cucurbitaceae and breast cancer.

Breast cancer risk: Data about the relation with breast cancer risk was provided by a pooled analysis of 5 cohort studies. No association was found.

Breast cancer mortality: No data was found.

Conclusion: No associations were found. No evidence was found for an association between cucurbitaceae and breast cancer.

Author	Cohort name	Subjects	Years of follow-up	Cases	End point	Consumption of	Relative Risk (RR)	Adjustments
15) Smith-Warner SA. (2001)	Pooled Analysis of 5 Cohort Studies.	218,345	6-16	5,480?	Invasive breast cancer risk	cucurbitaceae (e.g. melons, squash)	INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1) A published prospective study with at least 200 incident breast cancer cases. 2) Assessment of usual dietary intake. 3) A validation study of the diet assessment method or a closely related instrument. INCLUDED STUDIES (Follow-up years/No. of breast cancer cases): The Iowa Women's Health Study (1986-1995/1130). Kushi LH, Fee RM, Sellers TA, Zheng W, Folsom AR. Intake of vitamins A, C, and E and postmenopausal breast cancer. The Iowa Women's Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Jul 15;144(2):165-74. Full text The Netherlands Cohort Study (1986-1992/937). Verhoeven DT, Assen N, Goldbohm RA, Dorant E, van 't Veer P, Sturmans F. Vitamins C and E, retinol, beta-carotene and dietary fibre in relation to breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. Br J Cancer. 1997;75(1):149-55. Abstract The New York State Cohort (1980-1987/367). Graham S, Zielezny M, Marshall J, Priore R, Freudenheim J, Brasure J. Diet in the epidemiology of postmenopausal breast cancer in the New York State Cohort. Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Dec 1;136(11):1327-37. Abstract The New York University Women's Health Study (1985-1994/386). Toniolo P, Riboli E, Shore RE, Pasternacks BS. Consumption of meat, animal products, protein, and fat and risk of breast cancer: a prospective cohort study in New York. Epidemiology. 1994 Jul;5(4):391-7. Abstract The Nurses' Health Study A + B (A = 1980-1986/1023. B = 1986-1996/1638). Zhang S, Hunter DJ, Forman MR, Rosner BA, Speizer FE, Colditz GA. Dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C, and E and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Mar 17;91(6):547-56. Full text RELATIVE RISK: No association: RR = 1.03 (0.88-1.21) per 100 g/day increment. P for heterogeneity in results across studies = 0.02. Menopausal status at follow-up did not modify the associations (no data shown).	Age at menarche, interaction between parity and age at birth of first child, oral contraceptive use (ever/never), history of benign breast disease, menopausal status at follow-up, postmenopausal hormone use, family history of breast cancer, smoking status (ever/never), education, BMI, BMI-menopausal status interaction, height, alcohol intake, and energy intake.

Author

Cohort name

Subjects

Years of follow-up

Cases

End point

Consumption of

Relative Risk (RR)

Adjustments

15) Smith-Warner SA. (2001)

Pooled Analysis of 5 Cohort Studies.

218,345

6-16

5,480?

Invasive breast cancer risk

cucurbitaceae (e.g. melons, squash)

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

1) A published prospective study with at least 200 incident breast cancer cases.
2) Assessment of usual dietary intake.
3) A validation study of the diet assessment method or a closely related instrument.

INCLUDED STUDIES (Follow-up years/No. of breast cancer cases):

The Iowa Women's Health Study (1986-1995/1130).
Kushi LH, Fee RM, Sellers TA, Zheng W, Folsom AR. Intake of vitamins A, C, and E and postmenopausal breast cancer. The Iowa Women's Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1996 Jul 15;144(2):165-74. Full text
The Netherlands Cohort Study (1986-1992/937).
Verhoeven DT, Assen N, Goldbohm RA, Dorant E, van 't Veer P, Sturmans F. Vitamins C and E, retinol, beta-carotene and dietary fibre in relation to breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. Br J Cancer. 1997;75(1):149-55. Abstract
The New York State Cohort (1980-1987/367).
Graham S, Zielezny M, Marshall J, Priore R, Freudenheim J, Brasure J. Diet in the epidemiology of postmenopausal breast cancer in the New York State Cohort. Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Dec 1;136(11):1327-37. Abstract
The New York University Women's Health Study (1985-1994/386).
Toniolo P, Riboli E, Shore RE, Pasternacks BS. Consumption of meat, animal products, protein, and fat and risk of breast cancer: a prospective cohort study in New York. Epidemiology. 1994 Jul;5(4):391-7. Abstract
The Nurses' Health Study A + B (A = 1980-1986/1023. B = 1986-1996/1638).
Zhang S, Hunter DJ, Forman MR, Rosner BA, Speizer FE, Colditz GA. Dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C, and E and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Mar 17;91(6):547-56. Full text

RELATIVE RISK:

No association: RR = 1.03 (0.88-1.21) per 100 g/day increment.

P for heterogeneity in results across studies = 0.02.

Menopausal status at follow-up did not modify the associations (no data shown).

Age at menarche, interaction between parity and age at birth of first child, oral contraceptive use (ever/never), history of benign breast disease, menopausal status at follow-up, postmenopausal hormone use, family history of breast cancer, smoking status (ever/never), education, BMI, BMI-menopausal status interaction, height, alcohol intake, and energy intake.

Cancer & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of our diet
to breast cancer risk & mortality.

Cucurbitaceae and breast cancer.

Cancer & Diet. A systematic review.

Literature review.

Relating various aspects of our dietto breast cancer risk & mortality.

Cucurbitaceae and breast cancer.

Relating various aspects of our diet
to breast cancer risk & mortality.